Cornell grad student Philip Davis describes on
Scholarly Kitchen an experiment he designed to test the peer-review process at
Bentham Science, a publisher of "open-access" journals. (Open-access journals charge authors for publication, but make the articles available for free.)
He used software to create an article full of computer-generated nonsense, such as, "we discuss existing research into red-black trees, vacuum tubes, and courseware [10]. On a similar note, recent work by Takahashi suggests a methodology for providing robust modalities, but does not offer an implementation [9]."
He told Bentham the manuscript had two co-authors from the Center for Research in Applied Phrenology (CRAP). Four months after submitting it, a Bentham representative told him the manuscript had passed peer-review and would be published in
The Open Information Science Journal... assuming he paid the $800 publication fee. He declined the offer.
New Scientist has more details.
Four years ago a group of MIT students pioneered the "computer-generated article" hoax when they submitted a nonsense paper that was accepted for presentation at the World Multi-Conference on Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics Conference. Though you can go back to 1944's
Ern Malley hoax for an example of hoaxers submitting nonsense for publication.
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sokal_affair